Kidney Dialysis Hospital in Mumbai, India

The main aim of dialysis is to replicate the function of the kidney. It is used as the most advanced treatment option for patients suffering from conditions where their kidney is incapable of filtering the waste and water from the human body. Dialysis is usually given to the patient who suffers from:

• End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
• A certain subset of acute kidney failure

Surgical, Invasive.

There are two kinds of Dialysis that are offered here at the Dialysis Centre at Nanavati Max.The kinds are:

• Haemodialysis - Haemodialysis is an artificial way of cleaning the blood by removing the toxins from it. The procedure is performed at the dialysis unit in the hospital where a dialysis nurse or technician inserts two needles in a patient’s arm, which transfers the blood into the filter present in a dialysis machine through a soft tube. The dialysis machine then filters the blood and returns it into the patient’s body. For the process of Haemodialysis, the process of Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) is performed. It is a therapy that replaces the blood-filtering function of the kidneys using:
• Online Haemodiafiltration - It is a method of therapy that utilizes the dialysis machine's ultrapure dialysate as a replacement fluid. This enables large quantities of fluid to be exchanged during therapy, resulting in dialysis that more strongly resembles the kidney's natural function. At present, this method of treatment is the best and most efficient therapy for replacing the kidney. Online HDF decreases the risk of heart problems. Blood pressure and anaemia can be better regulated with this technique. The operation also gently removes surplus water and more effectively filters toxins from the blood of a patient.
• Acute Intermittent Haemodialysis (IHD) - It is a blood purification method that is used for brief intervals. It collects blood from a patient’s body which is pumped through a dialysis filter and is returned to a patient following removal of surplus water and wastes. 
• Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) - Provided as a continuous 24 hour per day therapy. It involves the purification of blood by removing it from a patient, pumped through a dialysis filter and returned to the patient following removal of surplus water and wastes. 
• Slow Low-Efficiency Daily Dialysis (SLEDD) - It is a hybrid of Intermittent Haemodialysis IHD and CRRT
• Plasma Exchange - It is a medical procedure that involves the removal of plasma from the blood for a process of plasma exchange (where unhealthy plasma is swapped with healthy plasma).
• Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) - It is one of the most effective home dialysis treatment options that allow a patient to perform the dialysis process at home. As per the patient's condition, it is advisable to perform peritoneal dialysis 3 to 7 times a week, usually at night before sleeping. For the process, a soft, flexible catheter is placed in the patient’s abdomen using Fluoroscopic Guided Permanent Catheter Placement method. This catheter is placed permanently in the patient’s body and is responsible for passing dialysate in and out. The vessels in the abdominal lining filter blood with the help of a dialysis solution.

PD is usually of two types:

• Continuous Cycling Peritoneal Dialysis (CCPD): It automates the process of filling and draining dialysate using a cycler machine.
• Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): A patient can perform dialysis exchanges manually without using a machine.

When undergoing Hemodialysis, a minor surgical process takes place. The surgeon will either join an artery and vein, also called an Arteriovenous Fistula. If an artery and vein cannot be joined then a graft will be put in place, also called an Arteriovenous Graft.

When undergoing peritoneal dialysis, a few weeks before your cycle starts, a minor surgical process will take place to install a permanent catheter inside the patient’s body. 

Neither of the actual procedures are painful. In case you feel any discomfort, you should alert your doctor.

The risks of hemodialysis are:

• AV Graft/ Fistula related complications
• Infection
• Poor Blood Flow
• Blood Clots

The risks of Peritoneal Dialysis are:

• Complications with the catheter, like skin infection
• Peritonitis
• Abdominal Pain
• Hernia
• Increase in Weight
• Nausea 
• Vomiting

Recovery from dialysis looks different for different individuals. Some may experience discomfort during the catheter insertion process. Most people do not face adverse reactions to dialysis and carry out regular, day to day activities. Dialysis can be stopped when a person receives a kidney transplant. Till then, dialysis has to be continued regularly.