Lymph Node Removal
Overview
Lymph node removal is a surgical technique that is used to remove lymph nodes in certain malignant tumours such as breast cancer, etc. This procedure is also known as lymph node dissection. The extent of the lymph node removal depends on the invasiveness of cancer into the lymph nodes. Usually, some of the lymph nodes are removed during the surgery. For example, in breast cancer surgery, some lymph nodes are removed under the arm. Lymph nodes are also removed for biopsy to microscopically examine the lymph node for cancerous cells.
Alternate Name
Lymphadenectomy
Body Location
Lymph nodes (usually in malignant tumours)
How Performed is Lymph Node Removal Surgery
The surgery is performed under anaesthesia and sedatives, so the patient won’t feel any pain or sensation. During the surgery, the vitals are continuously monitored. Your surgeon will assess the affected area and will make the incision on the skin at the affected site. The lymph nodes and the nearby affected tissues are removed. Then these lymph nodes could be dissected and examined for any cancerous cells. The incisions are closed with sutures, and bandages are applied.
Preparation of Lymph Node Removal Surgery
Preparation is a crucial step before undergoing lymph node surgery.
- You will be advised to undergo certain blood tests such as bleeding time, clotting time, complete blood count, cancer antigen test, etc.
- You might also be required to undergo a pre-anaesthesia check-up to assess your suitability for the surgery, which includes a physical examination of the lymph node, a chest X-ray, and an electrocardiogram (ECG).
- Further, you will be advised to undergo certain imaging tests such as CT-scan, mammogram, ultrasound, etc. to identify the location of the surgery.
- You should not eat or drink anything 6-8 hours before the surgery.
- You will be advised to stop the use of any blood-thinning medications.
- You should reach 2-4 hours before the surgery as you will be kept under observation for a few hours before the surgical procedure.
Procedure Type
Surgical procedure
Risks Associated with Lymph Node Surgery
The following side effects and risks are associated with lymph node surgery:
- Infection: There is always a risk of infection at the operation site, and antibiotics might be required.
- Bleeding: Bleeding at the operation site is a common risk involved with lymph node surgery.
- Injury: Injury to the adjoining tissues, cells, or nerves can occur during the surgery.
- Spread of Cancer: In case of mishandling of the nodule, there is a risk of cancer spreading to adjoining cells.
Recovery
Recovery will depend upon the number of lymph nodes removed, age, and the overall health condition. Usually, it will take around 3-6 weeks to recover, and it might take a few additional weeks to return to daily routine. However, it will also depend upon the type of work. The patient should take rest as advised by their surgeon for speedy recovery. They should take all the medications, including painkillers and antibiotics as prescribed. Make sure to make all the follow-up visits with the doctor for a complication-free recovery.
Follow-up
Regular following-up with your doctor after the surgery is crucial to anticipate the progress and assess the need for any additional interventions. Don’t overexert your body, and seek help from family and friends to manage your daily chores. Avoid strenuous activities such as weight lifting, cycling, running, etc. However, you should stay active and do mild physical activities such as walking or light breathing exercises, etc. Usually, you should be able to take a shower after 2-3 days following the surgery; however, you should take care of the wound and avoid rubbing or massaging at the operation site. If you experience any side effects such as bleeding, infection, etc., seek immediate medical care.